The 3-layer model is a conceptual framework used to describe the structure and functionality of blockchain systems. It comprises three layers: the application layer, the protocol layer, and the infrastructure layer. The application layer represents the user-facing interface where decentralized applications (dApps) and smart contracts reside. The protocol layer defines the rules, consensus mechanisms, and protocols governing the operation of the blockchain network. The infrastructure layer consists of the underlying network infrastructure, including nodes, miners, and the physical infrastructure supporting the blockchain. The 3-layer model helps visualize the different components and their interactions within a blockchain ecosystem.
